腹壁可触及肿物的超声辨识（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他病变.. Urachal Cyst 脐尿管细菌感染A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )脐尿管细菌感染见于脐和腹腔彼此间，通常位所在位置脐尿管的下1/3 ，但也可见于仅仅位所在位置脐下。这些细菌感染可平庸为基本上无回波或低回波。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 示意图11A，脐尿管细菌感染，此细菌感染已受病菌，实际上含有微弱回波的气体。B，脐尿管细菌感染，不稳的细菌感染前壁诱发反射伪影。

..Endometriosis子宫内膜异位Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).外周子宫内膜异位是子宫切除后的长期合并症，无特殊平庸，但可于直到现在切除的瘢痕所在位置见一局部肿物，并有周期官能的呕吐和肿胀。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 示意图12 ，剖宫产伤疤所在位置子宫内膜异位

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 外周血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).腹直肌鞘血肿可又称发烧官能腹痛后、咳嗽或癫痫发烧后，其某种程度通常是抗凝治疗法或出血官能病症。由于血肿限制于腹直肌鞘内，通常不很大，其形似根据所所在位置位置而定，在突起直通以上，血肿常为卵圆形，椭圆呈上下方向，可于左侧见到（示意图13A）；在突起直通请注意，由于腹橘黄色缺如，可扩展横过中的直通，因此血肿平庸为分叶状，其最大长度位所在位置横轴上。在新生儿外周血肿可见于脐上横向扩展（示意图13B、C）。术后星体官能血管内过氧化物的病童可于外周切除瘢痕附近见到大的血肿（示意图13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 示意图13A，一中的年妇女轻微腹痛后腹直肌鞘血肿，圆圈指示腹横筋膜。B，新生儿外周血肿。C，一新生儿脐动脉黏附所在位置下面的外周血肿。UV，脐动脉。D，一星体官能血管内过氧化物的剖宫产术后病童疤痕所在位置外周血肿。

分页: [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] 编辑： 张靖